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| Задания 2 тура |
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1 задание: В этом году Музей науки в Лондоне по случаю своего векового юбилея составил рейтинг самых значительных для человечества изобретений. Посетители музея назвали десять величайших изобретений науки.
Прочитайте приведенные ниже описания и назовите по-английски эти изобретения. 1. An apparatus for photographing the inside of the human body 2. A drug used for treating infections and illnesses caused by bacteria. 3. A chemical substance that is found in the cells of all living things, and contains genetic information. 4. A vehicle that travels into space and back to Earth and lands like a plane. 5. A type of engine that combines air and burning fuel to create power for a plane or a rocket. 6. The vehicle at the front of a train that pulls it. 7. A machine that stores programs and information in electronic form and can be used for a variety of processes. 8. An engine that gets its power from steam, especially a railway engine. 9. A road vehicle with an engine, four wheels, and seats for a small number of people. 10. A method of sending and receiving messages by electrical or radio signals, or the special equipment used for this purpose. P. S. По вашему мнению, какое еще важное изобретение можно добавить к этому списку? Расскажите более подробно об этом изобретении (изобретениях) и аргументируйте свой ответ на английском языке. 2 задание: Придумайте два блиц-вопроса по английскому языку для других команд – участниц игры. Не забудьте прислать и правильные ответы на них. |
| Ответы на задания 2 тура |
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1. X-ray apparatus
2. penicillin 3. DNA 4. space shuttle 5. jet engine 6. locomotive 7. computer 8. steam engine 9. car 10.telegraph Также команды предложили и свои версии "важнейших" изобретений. "Swan,crayfish and pike» - cinematograph We want to include cinematograph into this list, because it is one of the greatest invents of the 19th century. It was invented in the 1895 by brothers Limier. A first film was showed in the avenue of the Capuchins. The films was very short – near 30 seconds and without sound, but they can be very frightening (the arrival of the train) and very funny (the pouring on sprinkler)! Now, films are different. They have more then a sound, they have computer graphics and special effects for example! But people like watching films as strong as earlier! «English Russians» - Telephone It is the most widely used telecommunication device. It was invented in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell (with Thomas Watson). Bell patented his invention on March 1876. His device transmitted speech sounds over electric waves, and his idea has remained one of the most useful inventions ever made. "Galileo» - Periodic law of chemical elements. D. I. Mendeleev was a versatile scientist, teacher and statesman. When he was just 35 he discovered the Periodic law of chemical elements. He was going towards this discovery for many years. D.I. Mendeleev founded the connection between the most unlike elements. He founded out that the properties of elements repeated in the regular intervals if they were placed in the ascending order of the atomic weight. Mendeleev understood that it couldn’t be a coincidence. Then he took a last decisive step – he classified all these elements into groups. The success of nuclear physics and chemistry opened the way and possibility to use the protons of hydrogen in practice: the invention of the H-bomb, the getting of the fuel from water, the creation of the rocket propellant, making new materials. I believe, the Periodic table of elements by Mendeleev (1869) is one of the most significant inventions of the humanity, without which all researches in the field of chemistry and the nuclear physics would have been rather difficult. «Звезда»-ball pen and Electrical practical lamp 1)Electrical practical lamp. It was invented by Henry Gobel in 1854. 2)The ball pen was invented by Laszlo Biro. «Mobile» - internal-combustion engine I think we can add internal-combustion engine (двигатель внутреннего сгорания) to this list. The first internal-combustion engine was invented by Frenchman Etven lenuar in 1860 but it was no perfect and could not be used in practice. In 1878 German Nicolaus Otto made the first four-step internal-combustion engine that was used in the car. I like cars. Cars make our life more convenient. With the help of the car you can get quickly where you want. 1. Nowadays internal-combustion engines are used not only in cars but also in ships, electric power stations, water pumps and other equipment. «Big Lion» - television «Dragon» - paper I think we can add paper (бумага) to this list. The first paper was invented in Chine in 105 by Tsai Lun. He made paper of mulberry bark. Papermaking was kept in secret. Paper was always important. To my mind nothing could be invented if there was no paper. Even now when computers are used everywhere we can’t go without it. «Knight» - weather forecast The Meterologichesky companion is necessary for reception from space of the meteorological data about the Earth which are used for . Companions observe of temperature of a surface of the Earth and a cloudy, snow and ice cover. "Cool pupils» - Telephone February 14, 1876 was a day that changed the history of communications forever. On that day a tall Scotsman, Alexander Graham Bell walked into the New York patent office. He was carrying the drawing of his invention. The invention was able to transmit the voice by wire over long distances. We know this invention as the telephone. Just two hours later on the same day, another man Elisha Gray came to the same patent office with «his telephone». But, unfortunately for him, it was too late. Bell has gone into history as inventor of the telephone. The first real telephone call was on March 6, 1876, when Bell, in one room, called to his assistant in another room. «Сome here, Watson, I want you». Watson heard Bell through a receiver which Bell had connected to the transmitter. After that Bell started his famous company : the Bell Telephone Company. The new invention quickly became popular. A month after Bell invented the telephone, his telephone company had sold only six phones! A year and a half later they had sold 778 telephones. Fifteen years after the invention there were five million phones in America. Nowadays the Bell Telephone Company (later AT&T) is the largest telephone company in the world «Persistent and Patient»-The invention of radio. In Russia the inventor of radio is considered to be A. S. Popov. He created a radio receiver, suitable for a radio communication in 1895. «Талалихин» - Internet One of the most important inventions in the world, is the Internet. It is widely used worldwide. It use for the different purposes: for games, for work, for fun, for searching information, for reading of books, for world knowledge. People who live now days can''t imagine a life without the Internet. The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private and public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by a broad array of electronic and optical networking technologies. «11-летний капитан» I think we should add to this list the invention vaccine against smallpox by Dr. Edward Jenner (and, of course, vaccination.) In 1796 in England. Due to this long no one is sick with smallpox. Earlier this terrible disease took the lives of millions of people. «Funny oranges» - Insulin Insulin fails, diabetes mellitus will result Insulin is a hormone that has extensive effects on metabolism and other body functions, such as vascular compliance. Insulin causes cells in the liver, muscle, and fat tissue to take up glucose from the blood, storing it as glycogen in the liver and muscle, and stopping use of fat as an energy source. When insulin is absent (or low), glucose is not taken up by body cells, and the body begins to use fat as an energy source, for example, by transfer of lipids from adipose tissue to the liver for mobilization as an energy source. As its level is a central metabolic control mechanism, its status is also used as a control signal to other body systems (such as amino acid uptake by body cells). It has several other anabolic effects throughout the body. When control of insulin levels. "Кот ученый» - The electric light bulb The electric light bulb is the glass bulb with the metal filament and gas inside it. The electric current comes throw the lamp and we see the light. I think this invention is very important. Before that the people had to do their work with candles or oil lamps. The children didn’t have enough light for reading, drawing and others. Now the electric light bulbs are everywhere. Our modern life is impossible without them. «Sunlight» - Television A Scotsman, John Logie Baird (13 August 1888 – 14 June 1946), transmitted the first television picture on 25 October, 1925. The first thing on television was a boy who worked in the office next to Baird’s workroom in London. In 1927 Baird sent picture from London to Glasgow. In 1928 he sent picture to New York, and also produced the first colour TV pictures. Air balloon Before the invention of the hot air balloon, no human had ever successfully flown above the ground. Two French brothers, Josef and Etienne Montgolfier, were responsible for designing the world’s first hot air balloon. The first successful flight was in 1783, and the Montgolfier brothers immediately became famous throughout the world. The design of air balloons is based on the scientific law that hot air rises. A burner at the bottom of the balloon provides the heat. As the air inside the balloon gets hotter, the balloon takes off. Its height above the ground is determined by how hot the air inside is and its direction of travel depends on the wind. "Dust Heaven» Nuclear Energy is Released by the Splitting (Fission) or Merging Together (Fusion) of the Nuclei of Atom(s). The Conversion of Nuclear Mass to Energy is Consistent with the Mass-energy Equivalence Formula, in which ΔE = Energy Release, Δm = Mass Defect, and c = the Speed of Light in a Vacuum (a Physical Constant). Nuclear Energy was First Discovered by French Physicist Henri Becquerel in 1896, when he Found that Photographic Pplates Stored in the Dark near Uranium were Blackened like X-ray Plates, which had Been just Recently Discovered at the Time 1895. «The British Lions» - clock We think that clock is very important invention in our life!!! A clock is an instrument used to indicate, measure, keep, and co-ordinate time. The word clock is derived ultimately from the Celtic words clagan and clocca meaning "bell".In general usage today a "clock" refers to any device for measuring and displaying the time. The clock is one of the oldest human inventions, meeting the need to consistently measure intervals of time shorter than the natural units, the day, the lunar month, and the year. The sundial, which measures the time of day by the direction of shadows cast by the sun, was widely used in ancient times. A well-designed sundial can measure local solar time with reasonable accuracy, and sundials continued to be used to monitor the performance of clocks until the modern era. «All right» -Electricity Electricity is one of the most important inventions. The English physician William Gilbert made a careful study of electricity. That was the beginning of electro technical progress in the world. We use electricity everywhere. The invention of a practical incandescent light bulb in the 1870s led to lighting becoming one of the first publicly available applications of electrical power. We can use electric heating in buildings. Electricity is energy source for refrigeration. Electricity is used within telecommunications and the electrical telegraph was one of its earliest applications. The effects of electromagnetism are most visibly employed in the electric motor. Trams, trolleybuses, underground trains use electricity. |
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| 1 тур "Знакомство" |
| РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ 2 ТУРА |
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